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8B Unit 1 Past and present
词汇短语
1. -- How well do you know
-- I know the place very well.
问到对某人/物/地有多少程度的了解时，用 “How well… know…?” 来提问。
e. g: (1)你对美国的历史有怎样的了解啊？
How well do you know the history of
I know it _________. (well; a little)
(2)She knew
____ ____ _____ she know
2. I moved here with my family when I was two years old and have lived here since then.
since: prep& conj. (介词或连词)从……以来
可以用来连接一个时间点或一个句子，常用于现在完成时中
We have been good friends since 1993.
We have known each other since we studied in the primary school.
3. I first lived near
first adv. 起初，首先
first; then; later; afterwards; finally
first; second; third…
southern part=south
northern
southern
western
eastern
north-western
north-eastern
south-eastern
south-western
4. We lived together till 1965, when I got married.
1) till ( prep& conj. 介词/连词) 和until类似，常用于口语中，但不可用在句首。
肯定句（谓语动词是延续性的）+ till… “到……为止”
I will stay here till 6:00 pm, then I will go.
否定句not（谓语动词是短暂性的） + till… “直到……才……”
He didn’t leave till it rained heavily.
句首只能用until
Until he returns, I can do nothing.
他不回来, 我什么也不能做。
2)结婚；娶；嫁
marry sb
get married(动作)与be married(状态)
20 years ago for 20 years
get married be married
My parents got married 20 years ago.
My parents have been married for 20 years.
get married to sb 娶……；嫁给某人
She finally got married to the rich man.
5. Now, the government has turned the place into the park.
turn into…= change into… 变成
她已经变成了一个漂亮的女孩。
She has turned into a beautiful girl.
turn sth into…= change sth into…把某物变成……
魔术师把一张纸变成了一只小鸟。
The magician turned a piece of paper into a bird.
6. We often meet at weekends.
at weekends= at the weekend 在周末
on weekdays 在工作日
7. It’s very pleasant.
pleasant (adj. )
(指某物/某事/某人)令人愉快的；令人舒适的
pleased (adj. ) (指某人感到)高兴的, 满足的, 满意的
What a ________ day! We really enjoy ourselves.
He is a pleasant boy. The teacher is very __________ with him.
8. The factory used to dump its waste into
the river.
1)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
我们过去用蜡烛照明。
We used to burn candles to give light.
我过去常在这条河里游泳。
I used to swim in this river.
那个公园里过去有一个漂亮的亭子。
There used to be a beautiful pavilion in the park.
2)dump sth into…=pour sth into…
He dumped the rubbish into the dustbin.
9. 污染：pollute: vt.
pollution: n.
The gas from the factory polluted the air in this area.
Air pollution is really a problem.
10. take action to do sth. 采取措施做……
It’s important for us to take action to protect wildlife.
你应该采取措施提高你的英语。
You should take action to improve your English.
11. Well, in some ways it is.
in some ways:从某种意义上说
way的相关短语：
in this/ that/ another/ the same way 用……方法
in different ways:用不同的方法
on the way (to)…. 在（去）……的路上
the way to do sth. / of doing sth做某事的方法
你能用不同的方法解答这道题吗？
Can you work out this problem ___________?
他不知道去超市的路。
He didn’t know ____________ the supermarket.
12. I feel a bit lonely from time to time.
1)a bit: 一点儿，类似于a little, 可修饰动词、形容词或名词, 通常的顺序是：
v. + a bit a bit+ adj.
a bit of +u. n(不可数)
Would you please turn down the TV a bit?
I feel a bit nervous to speak in front.
2) from time to time 不时, 有时, 偶尔=at times
他只是偶尔去看看电影。
He only goes to the cinema from time to time.
那个小偷不时地停下来张望。
The thief stopped to look around at times.
13. However, it has become more difficult to see some of my old friends.
it 在本句中作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语 to see some of my old friends. 此时，不把不定式结构to see some of my old friends放在句首，而是放在句子的后部，以防头重脚轻。
类似的结构：It is + adj+ for sb to do sth
It is our duty to help them.
It is easy for me to answer this question.
14. …as well as…也, 又。连接两个并列部分，但其重点在前者，不在后者。汉译时要先译后者，再译前者。as well as 后面放上与前面一致的成分
He goes to school every day as well as his brother.
He is clever as well as handsome.
She continued her own work as well as helped me. 她除了帮助我，还继续自己的工作。（连接动词）